A Place Where Time Stands Still: The Guide to Korean Temples

I personally visit a temple at least once or twice a month. Rather than strictly adhering to the Buddhist faith, I visit because the atmosphere is exceptionally peaceful and comforting. My international friends also frequently express a strong desire to visit them.

I have heard that one of the most highly anticipated experiences for many foreigners planning a trip to South Korea is discovering the serene history hidden within bustling city centers—namely, visiting a traditional Korean temple.

Beyond being simple religious facilities, temples are captivating spaces that encapsulate Korea's architecture, nature, and spiritual culture. For those planning a temple visit, I will begin by addressing the most frequently asked questions.

💡 FAQ: What to Expect When Visiting Korean Buddhist Temples

Q1. Can non-Buddhists visit the temples?

A: Yes, everyone is welcome. Korean temples serve not only as religious sanctuaries but also as historical cultural heritage sites and open parks where anyone can rest. With the exception of a few temples located in major cities, most are situated in the mountains, allowing visitors to enjoy both hiking and beautiful temple sightseeing in Korea simultaneously.

Q2. Is there an admission fee for temples?

A: Almost all are free of charge. Since 2023, the cultural heritage admission fees for approximately 60 major temples in South Korea have been entirely abolished, allowing travelers to explore these beautiful sites without any financial burden. You can enjoy free hiking alongside magnificent cultural heritage.

Q3. Is photography allowed inside the temple?

A: Outdoor photography is freely permitted. However, inside the Main Hall where the Buddha is enshrined, it is customary to prohibit or refrain from taking photographs as a matter of etiquette. Personally, despite how breathtaking it may be, the profound solemnity always prevents me from taking out my camera, so I simply appreciate the view with my eyes. As long as you do not disturb others, outdoor photography is perfectly fine. Please do not worry too much.

Q4. Is there a dress code for visiting temples?

A: There are no strict restrictions, but it is advisable to avoid overly revealing clothing. Furthermore, you must remove your shoes when entering the Main Hall, so wearing footwear that is easy to slip on and off is highly recommended.

Q5. Can I participate in a Templestay if I do not speak Korean?

A: Yes, it is entirely possible. Many major temples operate English Templestay programs specifically for foreigners, allowing you to experience meditation and tea ceremonies without any language barriers. There are exclusive Templestay sessions tailored specifically for international visitors.

Q6. Is traditional temple food 100% vegan?

A: That is correct. It is a strictly vegan diet that utilizes absolutely no meat or seafood, and it also excludes the five pungent vegetables (green onions, garlic, onions, chives, and wild chives). Even without artificial seasonings, temple food boasts a uniquely profound flavor. I highly recommend trying it at least once; you will genuinely feel rejuvenated and healthy.

Q7. How long does it typically take to tour a temple?

A: Although it depends on the size of the temple, one to two hours is generally sufficient to take a leisurely tour and capture photographs. My personal favorite activity when visiting a temple is to sit quietly and enjoy a moment of contemplation.

Q8. Can I visit temples at night?

A: Certain temples located in the city center (e.g., Jogyesa, Bongeunsa) remain open until around 10 PM, allowing visitors to enjoy beautiful night views. However, temples situated in the mountains typically close their gates after sunset. Unless you have reserved accommodation, such as a Templestay, please be careful as you might find yourself descending a dark mountain.

🏛️ Top 6 Best Temples to Visit in Korea via Public Transportation

These are renowned temples that virtually every South Korean knows. Below are six representative Korean temples that offer distinct charms and are easily accessible to foreign travelers via train, subway, or bus. I highly recommend them, as even my international friends consistently express a desire to return.

1. Haedong Yonggungsa - A Temple Embracing Spectacular Ocean Views

While most Korean temples are nestled deep within mountains, this temple is built on rugged cliffs directly facing the open ocean. Its exotic landscape, featuring the chanting of Buddhist sutras harmonizing with crashing waves, has been frequently featured by international media like CNN. The coastal walking trail offers stunning ocean views of Busan.

- Busan (10 mins by bus/taxi from Osiria Station, Busan Metro)

- Templestay Availability (Not available, Sightseeing only)

2. Bulguksa - The Majesty of a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Constructed in the 8th century, this temple represents the pinnacle of Silla Dynasty Buddhist art. The intricate Dabotap and Seokgatap pagodas are the pride of Korean architecture, resonating with historical significance amidst changing seasonal landscapes. Anyone unfamiliar with Bulguksa is arguably not South Korean.

- Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do (Direct bus from KTX Singyeongju Station)

- Templestay Availability (Available, Experience and relaxation programs)

3. Bongeunsa - A Tranquil Oasis Amidst the Skyscrapers of Gangnam

This thousand-year-old temple is located directly across from the dazzling, modern COEX building complex. The stark contrast between the massive 23-meter-tall Maitreya Buddha statue and the Gangnam skyline delivers a unique visual impact exclusive to Seoul.

- Seoul (2-min walk from Bongeunsa Station, Subway Line 9)

- Templestay Availability (Available, Exclusive English programs for foreigners)

<The massive Maitreya Buddha at Bongeunsa Temple

overlooking downtown Gangnam, Seoul>

4. Jingwansa - The Essence of Bukhansan Mountain and Temple Cuisine

Embraced by the deep valleys of Bukhansan National Park, it offers a pristine natural experience within Seoul. Renowned for preserving the lineage of traditional Korean temple cuisine, it is ideal for travelers seeking healthy healing. A nearby Hanok Village allows you to explore both traditional houses and the temple.

- Seoul (15 mins by bus from Gupabal Station, Subway Line 3)

- Templestay Availability (Available, Temple food experience programs are popular)

5. Jogyesa - The Heart of Korean Buddhism with an Ocean of Lanterns

The absolute center of Korean Buddhism, boasting the highest accessibility near major attractions like Gyeongbokgung Palace and Insa-dong. Around Buddha's Birthday (May), it creates a spectacular sight as tens of thousands of colorful lotus lanterns completely cover the sky above the courtyard.

- Seoul (5-min walk from Jonggak Station, Subway Line 1)

- Templestay Availability (Available, Primarily daytime experience programs)

6. Beomeosa - One of Yeongnam's Top 3 Temples, Exuding Mountain Serenity

Nestled deep within the lush forests of Geumjeongsan Mountain, this temple showcases the profound and tranquil essence of a Korean mountain temple. Walking along the bamboo forest trails and antique stone walls will wash away worldly stress. It is highly recommended for experiencing the pure comfort of Buddhist temples.

- Busan (15 mins by bus from Beomeosa Station, Busan Metro Line 1)

- Templestay Availability (Available, Foreigner-friendly English Templestay)

🧘‍♂️ Essential Korean Temple Etiquette and Tips for Tourists

To fully appreciate these beautiful sites, it is highly beneficial to understand a few unique Korean temple etiquettes. I personally reflect on necessary precautions before entering magnificent cathedrals abroad, which allows me to feel much more at ease.

Walking on Temple Paths: When walking on the paths or stairs leading up to the temple, it is polite to keep to the right side whenever possible.

Passing Through Doors: When entering the Main Hall, you must use the side doors rather than the main front door (center door). The center door is traditionally reserved as a sacred passageway for the Buddha and the monks.

Avoiding the Threshold: Traditional Korean architecture features elevated door thresholds. It is customary etiquette to step lightly over the threshold without stepping directly on it when entering a hall.

Hapjang Greeting: If you encounter a monk, try offering a 'Hapjang' greeting by bringing your two hands together in front of your chest and bowing your head slightly. This gesture signifies mutual respect.

Traditional Hapjang greeting etiquette with a Buddhist monk

🔍 Hidden Secrets: Exploring Traditional Korean Buddhist Culture and Architecture

While exploring, you will often find yourself curious, wondering, "What is this?" Here are some fascinating temple secrets that become much more meaningful once understood. There are many more elements beyond the four listed below, but knowing just these will significantly aid you in appreciating the temple.

1. Dancheong: The Universe Painted on Wood

If you look up beneath the temple eaves, you will see geometric patterns in vibrant colors such as red, blue, and green. This is called 'Dancheong.' It originated not merely for aesthetic purposes, but for practical reasons—to protect the wooden structures from wind, rain, and insects. Each color and pattern carries shamanistic meanings designed to block evil spirits and reflect the principles of the universe. You will be even more amazed to learn that every intricate detail is painted by hand.

Intricate and colorful Dancheong patterns on traditional temple roofs

2. Sacheonwang (Four Heavenly Kings): Fearsome Giants Guarding the Entrance

As you pass through the 'Cheonwangmun' (Gate of the Heavenly Kings)—the entrance to most temples—you will encounter four massive wooden statues glaring fiercely and holding swords or lutes. You can assume that they are present in virtually every Korean temple, albeit with slightly different appearances. Were you startled by how terrifying they look? They are the 'Sacheonwang,' the four guardian deities who ward off evil spirits and protect the temple and the Buddha. Behind their frightening faces lies the warm intention to safely protect all who visit the sanctuary.

The fearsome Four Heavenly Kings guarding the temple entrance

3. Sanshin-gak (Mountain Spirit Shrine): The Convergence of Buddhism and Tigers

Tucked away at the foot of the mountain behind the Daeungjeon (Main Hall), there is usually a very small, hidden shrine. Inside, you will see a painting of a white-haired elderly man and a tiger, rather than the Buddha. This is the 'Sanshin-gak,' a shrine dedicated to the Mountain Spirit. It represents a highly unique and beautiful cultural phenomenon where Korea's indigenous folk belief (Mountain Spirit worship), which existed long before Buddhism entered the country, harmoniously merged with Buddhist traditions.

4. Temple Bell (Beomjong): A Sound Comforting All Life in the World

The bronze bells found in Korean temples are entirely different from Western bells in both shape and ringing method. Instead of shaking a clapper hanging inside, sound is produced by striking the exterior with a massive suspended wooden log (Dangmok). The majestic and deep tolling of the bell, echoing through the quiet mountain temple every dawn and evening, carries the compassionate hope that even the souls suffering in the subterranean hells may be freed from their pain. If you have the opportunity, I highly recommend listening to this profound sound.

Korean temples are special travel destinations where you can attain peace of mind simply by being present in the space, even without studying Buddhist doctrines. During a hectic travel itinerary, I hope you set aside at least one day to experience the magic of time flowing slowly at a Korean temple. Furthermore, almost all temples offer complimentary meals to their visitors. I urge you to experience this simple yet cleanly flavored traditional Buddhist cuisine for yourself.

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